The luminal-basal paradigm in the urothelial cancer: hope for individualized approach

While restricted to less than 10% of the urothelial cell carcinoma spectrum, bladder micropapillary carcinoma (MPUC) is associated with shorter survival due to early and wide metastatic chemo resistant spread. Such ominous behavior makes it an interesting model to identify new diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets based on unique gene expressions and molecular features associated with the aggressive nature of the disease (1).