Biomarkers for tyrosine kinase inhibitors in renal cell cancer

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a common malignancy. In 2012, in the USA, there were 65,000 new cases and 13,500 disease-specific deaths. In the same year it was the 6th most common new cancer diagnosed (1). During the last 50 years, despite an increase in incidence, the mortality has fallen, a possible result of earlier detection and improvements in therapy (2).