Impact of immunonutrition on radical cystectomy immunoresponse and outcomes; opportunity for peri-operative optimization

Radical cystectomy with urinary diversion is the established ‘gold standard’ surgical treatment of muscle invasive bladder cancer. This procedure has one of the highest rates of morbidity, with adverse events occurring in up to two-thirds of patients, regardless of surgical approach (open vs. robotic) (1). The significant peri-operative morbidity of radical cystectomy is driven by the complexity of the extirpative and reconstructive procedure, oncological risk factors, and peri-operative complications.