Penile prosthesis biofilm formation and emerging therapies against them

Infections are among the most feared and devastating complications of penile prosthesis infections, often requiring surgical exploration and explantation are prosthesis infections. While the rate of infections have decreased due to antibiotic prophylaxis, antiseptic device preparation, increased sterility in implantation techniques and device modifications, infections still occur at a rate of 1–3%. This article reviews the formation of biofilms on penile prostheses and novel, experimental methods to prevent and eradicate them.