PC 09. Can prophylactic oral antibiotics reduce infectious complications of transrectal prostate biopsy?

Introduction and Objective: Prophylactic oral antibiotics prior to transrectal prostate biopsy are administered to reduce complications of urinary tract infections. In this study, we investigated whether prophylactic oral antibiotics administered on a day before the biopsy can reduce the complications of transrectal prostate biopsy.

Methods: Between Januar y 2010 and June 2011, we retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 209 patients who underwent urine culture after transrectal prostate biopsy. We divided the subjects into two groups (group 1:155 patients who were administered prophylactic oral antibiotics on a day before the biopsy, group 2:54 patients who took prophylactic oral antibiotics on the day of the biopsy). We performed povidone enema to all patients on the day of the biopsy. Age, presence of diabetes, prostate size, presence of infectious complications and other complications were documented.

Results: There were no significant differences in age, presence of diabetes, and prostate size (66.4 years vs. 66.0 years, P=0.744; 10 vs. 8, P=0.060; 44.7 mL vs. 44.5 mL, P=0.341). The incidence of overall complications was 9.6% (n=20). The incidence of urinary tract infections between the two groups did not differ significantly (10 vs. 5, P=0.530). Other complications were noted such as persistent gross hematuria (2 patients) and acute urinary retention (3 patients). However, there were no significant differences between the two groups (1 vs. 1, P=0.158; 2 vs. 1, P=0.319).

Conclusions: Prophylactic oral antibiotics administered on a day before the transrectal prostate biopsy can not reduce infectious complications that occurred after biopsy.