Association between skeletal muscle index and kidney stones in health screening populations: a single-center cross-sectional study

Kidney stones (KS) are highly prevalent among Chinese populations, and the skeletal muscle index (SMI)—a key marker of body composition and nutritional status—has been linked to chronic diseases, though its association with KS poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between SMI and KS in a health screening populations, thereby providing evidence for the early identification of KS risk and the implementation of targeted health management strategies.